In Bandura's theory, reciprocal determinism describes the mutual influence of environment, behavior, and personal factors. Which option best captures this concept?

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Reciprocal determinism means behavior, personal factors (like beliefs and expectations), and the environment all influence each other. A person’s thoughts, feelings, and goals shape how they interpret situations and decide what to do. Those interpretations and actions then affect the environment (for example, receiving feedback, support, or consequences), which in turn feeds back to influence future thoughts and behaviors. This loop shows why the best description is mutual influence among all three elements. The other ideas describe one-way effects—conditioning suggests the environment shapes behavior alone, genetics implies biology alone determines behavior, and societal norms imply external pressures operate without considering personal factors and bidirectional effects.