In the FBI threat assessment model, which prong evaluates the student’s marginal place in the school community, including bullying and school attachment?

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The key idea here is social integration within the school. The FBI threat assessment model includes a dimension that looks at how connected a student feels to the school community—their peer relationships, sense of belonging, and whether they experience bullying. This focus on belonging and attachment helps identify students who are marginal to the school, which is important because isolation or being bullied can contribute to distress or grievances that, in combination with other risk factors, elevate concern and signal a need for intervention. Focusing on this social domain distinguishes it from other areas that examine intent, planning, or prior behavior, which are not about the student’s current level of school attachment and social ties.